http://www.open2.net/breakingscience/index.html en-us © 2008/2009 Open University The complete archive The team: Dr Chris Smith, Diana O’Carroll, Helen Scales, Kat Arney Each week Dr Chris Smith and his fellow scientists round up the latest science news and talk to the people making the latest discoveries. They also find time to debunk some science myths. Like does cracking your knuckles give you arthritis? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. Each week Dr Chris Smith and his fellow scientists round up the latest science news and talk to the people making the latest discoveries. They also find time to debunk some science myths. Like does cracking your knuckles give you arthritis? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. up all night, naked scientists, breaking science, five live, radio five, the naked scientists, breaking science, the naked scientist, naked science, Dr Chris Smith, naked scientist, breaking science No James Heywood james.heywood@bbc.co.uk Jim Moore, Peter Skelton, Mike Benton, Ben Valsler, Jonathan Silverton, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Darwin bicentenary special from the Open University’s lecture on one of the drivers of evolution: natural selection. How Darwin succeeded in gaining acceptance for his radical theories; how the evidence for natural selection in palaeontology has since been discovered; and dinosaurs - an accident in selection. Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/24_darwin_lectures.mp3 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 12:00:00 GMT 24:41 darwin, wallace, natural selection, evolution, palaeontology, dinosaurs, fossil, bicentenary, microevolution, Jurassic, Carboniferous, rudists, evolution megalab, Jim Moore, Peter Skelton, Mike Benton, Ben Valsler, Jonathan Silverton, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Demis Hassabis, Marek Urban, Stephen Juan, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith How scientists could work out what you look like from your genes; how scientists have come up with an algorithm that can decode your brain activity; how researchers have made a breakthrough in discovering what actually causes migraines; and why men shouldn't leave fatherhood too late. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', will you really explode in space without your spacesuit? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/23_migraines_mind_reading_space.mp3 Thu, 19 Mar 2009 12:00:00 GMT 25:03 migraines, prion protein, genes, eye colour, fatherhood, cortical spreading depression, FHM1, familial hemiplegic migraine, glutamate, DNA, DNA profiling, oxetane rings, polyurethane, chitosan, self-repair, explode, space, Demis Hassabis, Marek Urban, Stephen Juan, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll, Dr Chris Smith Oliver Phillips, Eric Fielding, Stephen Byrne, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Archaeologists reveal that people have been riding on, eating and drinking the milk of horses for over 5,000 years; why the Amazon forest might become a carbon criminal; marine organisms produce laughing gas; mutated gene linked to pancreatic cancer; how observations from space provide information on how the ground recovers after an earthquake. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', are old glass windows thicker at the bottom because glass is a liquid? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/22_rainforests_earthquakes_liquid_glass.mp3 Thu, 12 Mar 2009 13:00:00 GMT 24:20 PALB2, PAL B, pancreatic cancer, glass, liquid, earthquakes, iran, amazon, carbon cycle, nitrous oxide, marine, genetics, cancer, gene, plate tectonics, earth's crust, prediction, Oliver Phillips, Eric Fielding, Stephen Byrne, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Gawen Jenkin, David Minton, Martin Chaplin, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Pain relief from super hot, burning chillies; how holes in the asteroid belt show scientists how the planets got to be where they are; why things smell the way they do; new clue into the cause of Alzheimer's; how our reaction to an unpleasant taste is the basis for our reaction to things we find objectionable; how arsenic exposure can be monitored in your toenails. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', are the sea and sky blue because they reflect each other? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/21_bad_taste_arsenic_blue_skies.mp3 Thu, 05 Mar 2009 13:00:00 GMT 24:55 smell, odour, odor, odorant, chillies, capsaicin, pain relief, pain receptor, kirkwood gap, asteroid belt, PIP2, PIP 2, planets, planet migration, Kuiper belt, asteroid, levator labii, taste, alzheimer, arsenic, keratin, exposure, amyloid, amyloid beta, prion, protein, non-science, naked scientists, breaking science, up all night, Gawen Jenkin, David Minton, Martin Chaplin, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Stephen Liggett, Dan Goldman, David Benton, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Chemical, sarcozine, may help identify aggressive cancers; virus DNA combined with parasitic wasp DNA prevents the host from rejecting the wasp grub; a common genetic control system found to control all teeth development; study shows that the brain treats emotions more like a physical experience; cure for the commen cold - scientists have successfully decoded the culprits; science of walking - scientists are trying to work out how animals cope with walking on sand. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', does sugar make kids hyperactive? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/20_science_envy_sugar_kids.mp3 Thu, 19 Feb 2009 12:00:00 GMT 24:56 teeth, cyclids, prostate cancer, PSA, prostate specific antigen, sarcosine, nudivirus, wasp, parasite, envy, schadenfreude, FMRI, magnetic resonance imaging, cold, genetics, robots, walking, non-science, naked scientists, breaking science, up all night, Stephen Liggett, Dan Goldman, David Benton, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Jeremy Thomas, Anita Thapar, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Chemical link between asthma and eczema uncovered; synaesthesia gene found; rising levels of CO2 are affecting clown fishes' sense of smell; evidence of 700-million-year-old sponge sets the clock back on evolution; how the butterfly species, Maculinea rebeli, convinces ants to look after their caterpillars; IVF can help disentangle the effects of nature from nuture. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', can you predict a child's adult height by doubling their height at 2 years? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/19_queen_ant_impersonators_tall_stories.mp3 Thu, 12 Feb 2009 12:00:00 GMT 24:55 allergy, atopic dermatitis, dermatitis, MC-903, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, TSLP, C-30 sterols, demosponges, gene, genome, eczema, asthma, synaesthesia, autism, maculinea rebeli, blue butterfly, animal mimic, impersonator, IVF, nature, nurture, height prediction, growth chart, clown fish, CO2, carbon dioxide, non-science, naked scientists, breaking science, up all night, Jeremy Thomas, Anita Thapar, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Stephen Rogers, James Fowler, Olivier Gilg, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith The sequence of how four-legged animals move their legs is commonly misrepresented; Wi-Fi, the gaping hole in our internet security; why eating too much is bad for your brain; fossilised evidence of dinosaurs fighting; what makes locusts swarm and could they be 'deactivated'; why you have your DNA to thank for the party animal inside you and what this means for your health. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', are lemmings suicidal? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/18_dinosaur_fights_suicidal_lemmings.mp3 Thu, 05 Feb 2009 12:00:00 GMT 24:58 quadruped, wifi, malware, virus, computer, network, router, insulin, serotonin, seratonin, memory, calorie, DNA, tricerotops, triceratops, dinosaur, locusts, swarm, thoracic ganglia, popularity, social network, gene, genetics, lemming, leming, suicide, suicidal, non-science, naked scientists, breaking science, up all night, Stephen Rogers, James Fowler, Olivier Gilg, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith David Tollervey, Mark Achtman, Donald Mutti, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Gene discovered that triggers nerve repair; 'fake' acupuncture is shown to have same pain relief effect as real acupuncture; analysis of brown clouds over East Asia shows main culprit to be burning biomass; 18 million-year-old fossil challenges theory of when New Zealand was undersea; DNA previously thought to be 'junk' shown not to be; study of the genetic variations in stomach bacteria describe human migration. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', does watching TV really make you short-sighted? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/17_brown_clouds_neurons_acupuncture.mp3 Thu, 29 Jan 2009 12:00:00 GMT 24:36 nerve, dlk1, kinase, acupuncture, cam, placebo, east asia, pollution, global warming, climate change, fossil, dna, rna, short-sighted, non-science, naked scientists, breaking science, up all night, David Tollervey, Mark Achtman, Donald Mutti, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith John Coates, Constantino Pitzalis, Stuart Hine, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Fish play an important role in the marine inorganic carbon cycle; shiny crops could reduce global warming; stress causes temporary attention problems; wireless micrograbbers have potential surgical applications; finger ratios and testosterone levels predict long-term profitability in high frequency traders; rogue antibodies produced within joints themselves causes rheumatoid arthritis. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', are daddy long-legs all that venomous? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/16_stress_fish_financial_success.mp3 Thu, 22 Jan 2009 12:00:00 GMT 25:30 crane flies, arthritis, finger length, carbonates, calcium carbonate, ecology, phytoplankton, insoluable carbonate, global warming, stress, pre-frontal cortex, mri, crab claw, testosterone, finger length, rheumatoid arthritis, antibodies, crane flies, daddy long legs, non-science, naked scientists, breaking science, up all night, John Coates, Constantino Pitzalis, Stuart Hine, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Andy Parton, Lauren Cator, Ben Arthur, Stephen Juan, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Eco-friendly clothing could soon be made from chicken feathers and wheat; how mosquitoes use the harmonics of their wing beats to choose a mate; the new protein that could help fight blindness; a gene that may predict heart disease; the discovery of a new species of pink iguana on the Galapagos Islands; the discovery that the brain uses a tagging system to make us notice things. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', do your eyes pop out when you sneeze? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/15_Pink_iguanas_mosquito_love_songs.mp3 Thu, 15 Jan 2009 12:00:00 GMT 24:03 keratin, gluten, HDAC4, histone deacetylase 4, blindness, early onset coronary heart disease, rosada, evolution, Toxorhynchites, ADHD, eco-friendly clothing, galapagos mosquito, non-science, naked scientists, breaking science, up all night, Andy Parton, Lauren Cator, Ben Arthur, Stephen Juan, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Noel Starkey, Victoria Pearson, Ben Valsler, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Computers can now interpret what someone is seeing just from their brain activity - could we "see" dreams in the future? Oil extracted from used coffee grounds can be used to make a better smelling biodiesel; chimps recognise faces in the same way we do; proteins found to locate specific DNA sequences very effectively; and the ethical issues surrounding the use of robots for care and war. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', are meteorites hot when they hit the ground? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/14_coffee_chimps_meteorites.mp3 Tue, 23 Dec 2008 12:00:00 GMT 25:00 fmri, computer, imaging, brain activity, coffee, oil, biodiesel, chimp, chimpanzee, face recognition, robot, robotic, ethics, service robot, meteorites, meteor, non-science, naked scientists, breaking science, up all night, Noel Starkey, Victoria Pearson, Ben Valsler, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Gordon Freeman, Friederike Range, John Fry, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Growth rings of coral suggest major earthquake due in next decade; the impact of humans on fire ant invasions; extinct bird species not what we thought they were; paper and double-sided sticky tape used to make cheap, effective disease diagnostic device; new way to combat chronic viral diseases and possibly cancer; and insight into the evolution of co-operation. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', does searing meat really seal in the juice? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/13_ants_dogs_coral.mp3 Thu, 18 Dec 2008 12:00:00 GMT 25:27 coral, clock, tsunami, indian ocean, earthquake, growth rings, fire ants, ants, colonies, invasion, insect, honeyeaters, extinct, bird, disease, detection, diagnostic, device, sticky tape, HIV, aids, cancer, PD1, immune system, SIV, chronic, viral, virus, co-operating societies, co-operate, searing, sear, cook, meat, juice, seal, non-science, naked scientists, breaking science, up all night, Gordon Freeman, Friederike Range, John Fry, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Luca Jovine, Brian MacVicar, Roger Thompson, Martin Chaplin, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll and Dr Chris Smith Temperature, rather than genetics, regulates limb length in mammals; assumption that melanoma follows the usual cancer stem cell model challenged; 11 new regions of genetic variation linked to cholesterol levels; nagging can save your life: single men are less likely to have prostate cancer screening; X-ray crystallography gives an insight into the molecular mechanism that prevents eggs being fertilized by more than one sperm; new discoveries may help control epilepsy and brain damage from a stroke. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', does boiling water really freeze faster than cold water? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/12_limb_length_cancer_water.mp3 Thu, 11 Dec 2008 12:00:00 GMT 25:20 allen’s rule, temperature, growth, genetics, genes, stem cells, cancer, melanoma, cholesterol, triglycerides, heart disease, prostate, screening, egg, fertilisation, fertlization, x-ray, 3d, crystallography, zona pellucida, protein, coat, sperm, zp2, zp3, barrier, contraception, pannexin, epilepsy, glutamate, stroke, calcium, water, boiling, freeze, non-science, naked scientists, breaking science, up all night, Luca Jovine, Brian MacVicar, Roger Thompson, Martin Chaplin, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Candice Hansen, Gerard Karsenty, David Canter, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll and Chris Smith Academic differences between boys and girls investigated, discovery of the oldest turtle specimen suggests they evolved in an aquatic environment, discovery of enormous plume of water vapour on Enceladus, calving of ice shelf gives insight into icebergs and climate change, robot lizards help us learn more about how lizards get themselves noticed, and the link between serotonin and osteoporosis. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', are crowds as volatile and unruly as we think? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/11_Ice_genders_crowds.mp3 Thu, 04 Dec 2008 12:00:00 GMT 24:41 Turtle, fossil, shell, evolution, aquatic, geyser, water, vapour, enceladus, saturn, ring, evaporation, casini, cassini, iceberg, ice calving, calving, ice shelf, climate, change, lizard, anolis, robot, behaviour, animal, osteoporosis, serotonin, chemical, bone, depressed, formation, crowd, unruly, riot, Hansen, Gerard Karsenty, David Canter, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Mark Niedre, Anna Franklin, Sorrel Langley-Hobbs, Ben Valsler, Diana O’Carroll and Chris Smith Cochlear implant that uses infrared laser light for more complex hearing, clean energy with ocean thermal energy conversion, DNA from woolly mammoths found in the permafrost, how social vocalisation replaces grooming in society, early photon tomography provides a safer way to image biological tissues and how the brain categorises colours changes when we develop language. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', do cats always land on their feet? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/10_laser_hearing_chatty_females_clean_energy.mp3 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 12:00:00 GMT 25:39 infrared, light, cochlear implant, deaf, deafness, energy, OTEC, ocean thermal energy conversion, clean, woolly mammoth, gene, genetics, genome, permafrost, macaques, social vocalisation, grooming, bonding, female, talk, ept, early photon tomography, imaging, X-ray, optical techniques, colour category, brain, language, cats, cat, feet, land, gravity, Mark Niedre, Anna Franklin, Sorrel Langley-Hobbs, Ben Valsler, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Rita Colwell, Scott Simpson, Hugh Hunt, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll and Chris Smith Identifying the gene faults linked to cancer, how injections into the groin lymph nodes is a more effective way to treat allergies, a better view of another solar system, how sticklebacks select a leader, cholera outbreaks predicted from space, specimen of homo erectus sheds light on our evolution. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', are silencers really as effective as Hollywood portrays? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/9_fish_elections_cholera_evolution.mp3 Thu, 20 Nov 2008 12:00:00 GMT 25:34 cancer, genes, genetics, gene faults, injection, lymph, allergy, planets, solar system, telescope, HR7899, sticklebacks, group selection, cholera, prediction, satellite, ancester, human origins, homo erectus, evolution, brain size, gun, silencer, muffler, Rita Colwell, Scott Simpson, Hugh Hunt, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Peter Kelemen, Gilles Martin, Alison Cluroe, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll and Chris Smith Removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, the protein linked to alcohol tolerance, a method for cloning frozen mice, the awkward truth about the power of vitamins, and the friendly bacteria that could save lives. Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', do your nails and hair keep growing after you die? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/8_CO2_cloning_bacteria.mp3 Thu, 13 Nov 2008 12:30:00 GMT 25:34 cloning, mice, frozen mice, bacteria, vitamins, vitamin, supplements, cancer, dogs, dalmations, kidney stones, bladder stones, carbon dioxide, Co2, carbon, rock, olivine, Peridotite, alcohol, tolerance, alcoholic, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Ben Weiss, Bas Heijmans, Paul Dawson, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll and Chris Smith How planets came to be, lighting that brings midges thick and fast, why flu jabs are even better than you think, definitive proof that humans are responsible for global warming and are you a descendant of Otzi the iceman? Plus, in 'Stuff and Non-Science', when you drop food on the floor does it remain clean for 5 seconds? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/7_planets_midges.mp3 Thu, 06 Nov 2008 16:50:00 GMT 25:15 planets, planetary formation, meteorites, flu, flu jabs, influenza, midges, light, food, hygiene, dropping food, global warming, climate change, melting, ice, ice cap, Otzi the iceman, Otzi, Ben Weiss, Bas Heijmans, Paul Dawson, Kat Arney, Diana O’Carroll, Chris Smith Carlos Camara, John Scott, Graham Tytherleigh-Strong, Helen Scales, Diana O’Carroll and Chris Smith Why do butterflies need back wings? How can you take an X-ray with sticky tape? Plus, what happens to the heart under stress; a novel way to tell old sexual partners about your STI, and does cracking your knuckles give you arthritis? Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/6_memory_wiping_xray_sticky_tape.mp3 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 16:50:00 GMT 23:30 butterflies, butterfly, wings, x-rays, xrays, x-ray, memory, memories, wiping memory, erasing memory, heart, cracking knuckles, knuckle, nuckle, arthritis, STDs, STIs, Carlos Camara, John Scott Chet Moritz, Richard Ebright, Trevor Cox, Diana O’Carroll, Kat Arney, Dr Chris Smith Silver surfers, light sensitive molecules, new links to breast cancer and duck quacks are covered in this weeks episode. Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/5_mind_control_tb.mp3 Thu, 23 Oct 2008 10:50:00 GMT 24:18 Bacteria, spinal chord damage, stroke, silver surfer, Google, brain function, light sensitive molecule, global washing hands day, anti-biotic resistance, duck echo Arnab Payne, Hannah Critchlow, Helen Scales, Steve Quake, Diana O'Carroll, Dr Chris Smith Volcanoes, Malaria, DNA testing, hydrogen storage, gold mines and brain capacity are just some of the topics covered in episode 4. Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/4_malaria_volcanoes.mp3 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 10:50:00 GMT 25:00 volcanoes, volcano, blood, mother, dna, hydrogen storage, computers, rocks, geology, gold mine, south africa, malaria, brain capacity, Arnad Payne, Hannah Critchlow, Helen Scale, Steve Quake, Diana O'Carroll, Dr Chris Smith Ben Pickard, Andrea Kritcher, Siegfried Glenzer, Mark Peplow, Diana O’Carroll, Dr Chris Smith, Kat Arney HIV, superstitions, laser beams crushing chemicals and radio active material are just some of the topics in this week’s podcast. Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/3_hiv_and_superstitions.mp3 Thu, 09 Oct 2008 10:50:00 GMT 25:00 Aids, HIV, Polio, DNA, calorie, CBT, superstitions, control, laze beams, crushing chemicals, bipolar disorder, radio active, radium, copper, Ben Pickard, Andrea Kritcher, Siegfried Glenzer, Diana O’Carroll, Dr Chris Smith, Kat Arney Kat Arney, Dennis Kent, Matt Fisher, Des Tobin, Dr Chris Smith Online auctions, ice ages and how pregnancy tests have spawned a deadly frog fungus. Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/2_Auctions_and_frog_fungus.mp3 Thu, 02 Oct 2008 10:50:00 GMT 25:14 Kat Arney, Dennis Kent, Matt Fisher, Dr Chris Smith, ice age, pregnancy tests, shaving hair, fugus, frogs, online auction, ghrelin Helen Blau, Helen Scales, Karen Faith-Berman, Barry Bogan, Diana O'Carroll, Dr Chris Smith Global warming, stem cell research, and the effect of dopamine on the brain. Also the age old question ‘does it take 7 years for chewing gum to be digested?’ Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/1_Use_or_lose_your_dopamine.mp3 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 10:50:00 GMT 23:39 Dr Chris Smith, Helen Clough, Helen Scales, Karen Faith-Berman, Diana O'Carroll, global warming, stem cell research, chewing gum, dopamine, climate change Dr Chris Smith Our guide to the surprising world of science gives us a preview of what's to come. Learn more about science at open2.net/breakingscience. http://media.open2.net/breakingscience/0_dr_chris_says_hello.mp3 Fri, 19 Sep 2008 15:30:00 GMT 00:37 up all night, naked scientists, breaking science, five live, radio five, radio 5 live, the naked scientists, breaking science, the naked scientist, naked science, Dr Chris Smith, naked scientist